Angle head abrasive blast nozzle



April 29, 1952 E. W. CRUMLEY ANGLE HEAD ABRASIVE BLAST NOZZLE Filed April 12, 1949 35 40 34 F/ G. 6. m

4/ 3/ zz v "a r zz V S 42 J4 INVENTOR. EPA/8 7' M1 CEUMLEY,

Patented Apr. 29, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

1 This invention relates to abrasive material blast apparatus and more particularly to an angle head nozzle for such apparatus. It is an object of this invention to provide an angle head nozzle of the kind to be more particularly described hereinafter which is particu-v larly designed to be formed from an abrasive resisting metal and more particularly with a silicate carbon inner lining, or other high grade abrasive resisting material.

Another object of this invention is to provide a single piece nozzle of the direction changing and mixing type, having provision for attaching a pair of tubes or conduits carrying different materials, as compressed air and an abrasive material, and formed in a manner to suitably conduct the air and abrasive material through the nozzle, having provision for changing the direction of the material within the nozzle in a smooth and efficient manner whereby a homogeneous, or constantly proportioned mixture of the material may be discharged therefrom, the entry of the air under pressure providing a cushion for changing the direction of the abrasive material mixture.

Still another object of this invention is to proide a direction changing and mixing nozzle of this kind which is formed of a single unit having inlet and outlet passages and formed for connecting the inlet passages together within the body to provide a single discharge opening, the connection of the passages within the body being formed as a Venturi section whereby the discharge force of the air through its inlet passage is caused to supplement the discharge force of the other.

A principal purpose of this invention is to provide a nozzle of this kind formed for changing the direction of the air and abrasive material. therein by a high pressure stream of clean air and prevent the abrasive material from eroding away the walls of the nozzle at the corner where the abrasive material is caused to change direction by blanketing or cushioning the corner with a stream of clean air under high pressure.

With the aboveand other objects in view, my invention consists in the arrangement, combination and details of construction, disclosed in the drawings and specification and then more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a longitudinal section of an angle head nozzle, constructed according to an embodiment of my invention.

Figure 2 is an end elevation thereof, showing the inlet passages and openings therein.

Figure 3 is a bottom plan view thereof, showing the outlet passage on the inclined bottom face.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section, of a modified form of this invention.

Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of the modified form of the invention, shown in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic showing of an abrasive blast apparatus employing an angle head nozzle, constructed according to an embodiment of this invention.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral l0 designates generally an angle head, nozzle, constructed according to an embodiment of my invention, the nozzle l0 being formed with a discharge passage or opening at to the axis of the inlet passages or openings therein. The body H, of the nozzle II], is formed, as by casting in one or several pieces, to provide the necessary passages therein. The body H may be substantially rectangular in configuration, in side elevation, having a downwardly and rearwardly inclined front wall, inclined at an angle of 45", relative to the top and bottom walls. The body l l is formed with a pair of inlet passages l2 and I l therein, one of the passages, as the passage 12 being provided for the introduction into the nozzle of an abrasive material under air pressure. The other passage I4 is provided for attachment to the source of higher air pressure for introducing the pressurized air into the nozzle Ill for discharging the abrasive material and air therefrom-and for cushioning the turning movement of the abrasive within the nozzle.

The inlet passage I2 is formed of an opening l5 having a threaded, enlarged outer end H5 at the rear end thereof. The air inlet passage [2 and threaded end I6 open through the rear wall ll of the body H. The innermost end of the passage or bore I5 is rounded, as indicated by the numeral l8, in Figure 1 of the drawings, for the purposes to be described hereinafter. The enlarged end [6 is threaded for the attachment of a suitable nipple or pipe fitting for attaching the nozzle In to the conducting tubes or pipes. An air inlet opening or passage 18 is formed in the body ll, below the inlet l2. substantially parallel on its axis, to the longitudinal axis of the inlet opening I2. The air inlet opening 18 has a diameter substantially greater than the diameter of the sand inlet opening l5 and is formed at its outer end with a threaded, enlarged end 19. The threaded opening l9, as the threaded opening I6, is provided for the attachment of a suitable nipple or pipe fitting to which the air tubes or pipes may be connected. The air inlet passage l8 opens through the rear wall I! of the body H, at the corner of the passages l8 and 20, below the opening of the other inlet passage [5 so that the engagement of a pair of material conducting pipes will be disposed in parallel relation, as they are extended from the nozzle [0.

An inclined outlet passage 20 is formed at the forward end of the body I l and communicates The air inlet I8 is directly with the innermost end of the air inlet passage IS. The discharge passage 29 is substantially conical in configuration, tapering from the restricted opening 2|, at the face of the forward inclined wall 22 inwardly to the innermost end of the air inlet passage I3. The innermost, divergent end of the tapered outlet passage is disposed in direct communication with the innermost end of the air inlet passage l8 and the inlet passage 18 opens directly into one side of the divergent inner end of the discharge passage 253. The discharge passage 29 is formed with an arcuate wall or corner 24, at the inner end thereof, in alignment with the inlet passage l8.

A second tapered opening is formed in the body H, coaxial to the dischar e opening 20.

The connecting passage 25, connects the innermost end of the inlet passage I 2 with the air inlet passage l8 and the discharge passage or opening at. The wide divergent end of the connecting passage 25 opens from one side of the arcuate end wall it" of the inlet passage I2, and the restricted outer end of the connecting passage 25 opens into the divergent or wide end of the tapered outlet passage 20. The discharge passage 29 and the connecting passage 25 are formed on the same longitudinal axis so that the discharge passage 2E provides a direct opening for the material being discharged from the connecting passage 25, there being no obstructions for the free movement of the material from the inlet passage l2 through the connecting passage 25 to the discharge passage 26.

The connection of the tapered connecting pas- I sage 25, with the tapered discharge passage 20 is such that the connection of the two passages forms a type of venturi within the nozzle [9 so that the air pressure entering either one of the passages l2 and M, will supplement the force exerted on the material entering the other passage for discharging the mixed materials through the discharge opening 2!. The provision of the Venturi type connection between the two inlet passages l2 and M, will provide for the homogeneous, or uniform mixing of the material entering the inlet passages, within the nozzle [0, prior to its being discharged through the opening 2.. The formation of the nozzle ill in this manner, is particularly designed for use with abrasive blasting apparatus, wherein the abrasive blast is applied at various pressures, the structure and arrangement of the nozzle Ill providing for the uniform discharge of the sand through the discharge passage 2|, irrespective of the variation in air pressure introduced into the inlet passage [8 of the nozzle. The introduction of the clean high pressure air into the-corner 2d forms a cushion on which the abrasive material is caused to turn in the nozzle l B in a manner to prevent the abrasive material from unduly wearing and eroding the inner, hard lining 23 in the abrasive material passages.

In Figure 6 of the drawings, there is shown a diagrammatic view of the discharge nozzle [9 being employed in a blast apparatus which includes an abrasive supply source or tank 30 connected to the nozzle ill by a suitable tube or pipe 3!. The pipe 31 is connected to a second rigid pipe 32, which in turn is engaged in the threaded counterbore l6 of the body 1 l. The source of air supply, not shown in the drawings, is connected by way of the air tube 34 to a rigid pipe or tube 35 engaged in the threaded opening I 9 in the rear end of the body II. In the air blasting apparatus, shown in Figure 6, the abrasive from the supply tank is controlled by a control valve 35, which is engaged between the bottom of the tank 3|] and the supplying tube or conduit 3|. The conduit 3| is connected directly to the same source of air pressure supply as the air pressure line 34, both of the lines 3| and 34 being directly connected to the tube or line 31, which is extended for connection to a suitable pump or other source of air pressure. The air pressure used for moving the abrasive from the tank 30 into the nozzle H is controlled by a control valve 38, between the T fitting 39 and the connection of the abrasive supply to the sand conveying tube A suitable reducing valve 40 may be employed between the air control valve 38 and the T fitting ll through which the abrasive from the tank 36 is introduced into the air line 3|. The high pressure air line 34 is connected also to the T fitting 39, which in turn is connected to the air pressure line 31, the air in the pipe 34 beingcontrolled by an air control valve 32 between the T fitting 39 and the nozzle II.

In Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings, there is shown a modified form of this invention wherein the material mixed in the nozzle l Ba is discharged through a discharge opening 29a disposed at right angles to the axis of the inlet openings 12a, and Ma. The high pressure air inlet openings l2a and Ma are formed in the body Ha in substantially the same manner as the air inlet openings or passages l2 and 64, described above. The innermost passages We and 18a are considerably extended inwardly beyond the extreme inner end of the openings lfia and 19a to connect the extreme inner end of the inlet passages with the right angularly disposed outlet passage 26a. The connecting passage 25a is disposed in longitudinal alignment, coaxial with the discharge opening 20a, in substantially the same manner and relationship as the discharge and connecting passages 2|] and 25 shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, The extreme innermost ends of the air and abrassive material inlet passages are rounded in the same manner as the extreme inner ends of the passages described for the nozzle H), but in the modified form of the invention the corner is greatly enlarged and therefore the arcuate end Walls or connecting walls between the inlet and discharge passages are exaggerated and the cur vature of the connecting wall is lengthened to accommodate this exaggeration and provide for the smoothlfiow and cushioning of material along the walls of the inlet passages into the connectin and discharge passages. The nozzle Illa is formed with a hard lining 23a of silicate carbon steel or other abrasive resistant material,

, as. thfillinillg 23 of the nozzle i0.

I do not mean to confine myself to the exact details of construction herein disclosed, but claim all variations falling within the purview of the appended claims.

Having described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a blast nozzle, a body formed with a pair of parallel inlet ports opening through one end of the body, a first passage leading from one of said ports toward the opposite end of said body, a second passage leading from the other port toward said opposite end of the body, said first and second passages having tapered discharge portions extending laterally with respect to the axis, of the. passages, said discharge portions being axially aligned with each other with the discharge portion of said first passage opening through the adjacent side of the second passage, said passages and discharge portions being otherwise devoid of communication with each other, and the discharge portion of said second passage opening through a side of said body.

2. In a blast nozzle, a body formed with a pair of parallel inlet ports opening through one end of the body, a first passage leading from one of said ports toward the opposite end of said body, a second passage leading from the other port toward said opposite end of the body, said first and second passages having tapered discharge portions extending laterally with respect to the axes of the passages, said discharge portions being axially aligned with each other with the discharge portion of said first passage opening through the adjacent side of the second passage, said passages and discharge portions being otherwise devoid of communication with each other, and the discharge portion of said second passage opening through a side of said body, said discharge portions being directed at an acute angle to the axes of said passages.

3. In a blast nozzle, a body formed with a pair of parallel inlet ports opening through one end of the body, a first passage leading from one of said ports toward the opposite end of said body, a second passage leading from the other port toward said opposite end of the body, said first and second passages having tapered discharge portions extending laterally with respect to the axes pf the passages, said discharge portions being axially aligned with each other with the discharge portion of said first passage opening through the adjacent side of the second passage, said passages and discharge portions being otherwise devoid of communication with each other, and the discharge portion of said second passage opening through a side of said body, said discharge portions being directed at right angles to the axes of said passages.

ERNEST W. CRUMLEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 839,483 Kelly Dec. 25, 1906 879,102 Fay 1 Feb. 11, 1908 1,170,198 Sweet et a1. Feb. 1, 1916 2,110,634 Rehmann Mar. 8, 1938 2,333,264 McDermott Nov. 2, 1943 2,392,897 Archer Jan. 15, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS I Number Country Date 380,330 France Oct. 4, 1907 465,801 Germany Sept. 26, 1928 

